Target practice -device



y I J. E. T. JACQUEMIN ET AL TARGET PRACTICE DEVICE Filed April 29, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 24,1927. 1,629,794

J. E. 'r. JACQUEMIN ET AL TARGET PRACTICE DEVICE Filed April 29. 192-4 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 24, 1927. 1,629,794

J. E. T. JACQUEMIN ET AL TARGET PRACTICE DEVICE Filed April 29. 192-. 3 Sheets-Sheet3 Patented May 24, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH ELIE THEODULE JACQUEMIN AND MAURICE PASCHAL CELESTIN' FRERE, F BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

TARGET-PRACTICE DEVICE.

Application filed April 29, 1924, Serial No. 709,928, and in Belgium May 1, 1923.

This invention relates to target practice devices of the kind in which movable elements. such as levers for example are ar ranged parallelly to each other and adapted to follow the displacen'ients ot the aiming line. the said elements cooperating with a recording target and a registering point or needle in such a manner that. at the moment of firing the registering point will be in the same position relative to the recording target that the aiming line is to the centre of the true target. the aiming of the marksman being thus registered by the c osure or an electric circuit at the moment of tiring, without the issuance ot a projectile.

In a device of this kind. it is necessary, on account of the relatively small distance between the movable elements or groups of such elements acting as supporting points for the gun, to amplify the movements of the said supporting points in order to insure hat a small error in the ain'iing, relative to 1 true target placed at a given distance from the device may be clearly observed on the registering target.

One object ot the invention is to provide simple and improved means to secure this result.

Another object 01 the invention consists in so ar ringing the cooperating parts or elements of the device that the gun can be manipulated freely by the marksman as in ordinary practice. any interfering action of the device on the gun being avoided.

And a still further object 0- the invention consists in so establishing the connections between the supporting points of the gun and the registering point or needle that any flexible connection which could be a cause of error in the registration may be avoided.

ith these objects in view, the invention e sentially consists in the special arrangements and combinations of parts as hereina't'ter fully described and pointed out in the appended claims.

llcl'erring to the annexed drawings which show. as an exan'iple one en'lbodin'ient of the invention:

Fig. l is a top view of the device, some parts being shown diagrannnatically only hv dotted lines corresponding to the central line; of the parts and their connecting points.

Fig. 2 shows a vertical longitudinal section taken on line AB in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a vertical transverse section taken on line C--D in Fig. 2 when looking in the direction of the arrows.

The device shown comprises a frame 1 carrying on cross-pieces 2 supporting posts 3 in which two pairs of rails t are mounted and on which two carriages 5 and 6 are adapted to roll. Each of said carriages comprises two plates 7 which are connected together by cross-bars 8 and are provided with axles 9 supportii'ig wheels 10 preferably mounted on the said axles by ballbearings 11 as shown in Fig. 2.

The plates 7 bear inside the carriages, pivots 12 supporting on each plate two pairs of pulleys 13 forming a guiding system for a vertical carriage 14 comprising two rods 15 and 16 which are connected by rods 17. On the upper rod 17 of each vertical earriage is a fork 19 carrying a pulley revolublc about a horizontal axis. Each fork is vertically pivoted to its associated rod 17 by means of a stud 18.

Both pulleys 20 and 21 act as shown in Fig. 2, as supporting means for the gun durin, the aiming as will be explained later on.

The vertical carriages 11 are balanced by counterweights 22 which, in the example shown. are suspended on cables 23 passing around pulleys 24 which are adapted to rotate on an axle 2. extending between the plates 7. The weights 22 are raised when the vertical carriages are depressed by movement oi the gun. and when the gun is raised the weights raise the carriages. maintaining them in contact with the gun. The weight of the counter weights should be such that they will suliistantially balance the carriages when the gun is resting on the latter, and will therefore raise the carriages when the gun is raised.

A pantograph 34. the rods of which are jointed at -3637--38 as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 3, is connected by a joint 39 to a stud 40 projecting horizontally from the rod 15 of the vertical carriage 14 moving between the guiding pulleys 13 of the horizontally movable t'oi e-carriage 5 (that is to say, the carriage supporting the fore-end of the gun when looking in the direction of the target aimed at). The points 3339 and 42 of this pantograph will always be on the same straight line on account of the principle of the type of pantograph which is used.

A second pantograph, or correct ing pantograph 27, the rods of which are Jomted t 55 29. 33th :31 is pivoted at a lined polut it; to the frame ot' the device; another point :12 of this corrcctiirej pantograph is connect d to the rear vertical carriage moving hetwcen the guiding pulleys ot' the hori/iontal carriage 3. The points :Et -32 and 3 ol' this pant graph will always he on the same straight line tor the same reason as ltl pantograph ill. (inc cud ot' the registering pantograph 23 t and one end ot' the correct in pantog'ruph 121' are pivoted together at 33. As a consc pience, the pantograph 34; has no lined point. The rod ll of the registering pantog'raph 3 t carries. at its end, a needle which moves in front of a registering target 4 it will appear from the ahove de:-;cription that (it the tw 'llj H'tlltlt elements ot the tore-carriage Ii are rupposed to be maintained invariahly fixed) the horizontal and vertical movements which are comnmnicated hv the gun 51 (acting on the pulley 21) to the movahle elementsot the rear-carriage 6, will he transmitted to the point 32 of the correcting pantograpl 27. The point 33 of this pantograph is consequentl displaced proportionally hut in an amplitied manner and the movements of this point 33, which is common to hoth pantographs, cause the needle ii of the pantog'raph St to be displaced in a COtltlSPODtllllQ manner, the move meat of the needle heing again amplified.

Conversely, it it is supposed that the group of n'iovahle elements of the rear carriage are maintained in a fixed position, all the lmrizontal and vertical movements which will he conuuunicated hy the gun 51 to the pultc it) ot the tore-carriage 5 will he directly transmitted (with a .snitahle ainptilication) to the needle 4:2 of the registering' pantogrraph 11 1 which is connected by the stud lt to the niovuhlc elements of the [orecarriage 5.

Consequently the gun may he freely manipulated in all the positions which will he given to it h the marksman. as well in the horizontal direction a.- in the vertical direction, according to whether the groups of horizontally and vertically movahle elements are separately displaced or conjointly displaced.

The registering target -11} is mounted on a supporting arm tl (Fig. 3) vertically pivoted lay means ot' a cross-head supported lietween screws to and is rocked when armature -t-T which is mounted on the arm 44. is attracted h an electrounagnet -18; the core of this map'net is tixed to a support 49 which is tixcd to the traine l and which carries a forlt-tihe support 50 for the screws 46.

An electric connection tnot shown) is provided in a well known manner between the {run 51 and the electio-niagnet 48 in such a manner that at the moment of firing, an electric circuit will he closed hy the gun, the said circuit including a suitahle hatter or other electrical source and the elcctro-inagnet t8.

In practice the ie stc ing target l2) acts (uzlY as a supportin element for recording diagrams whnh arl iewn t oin a paperroller and are successively displa5cd in trout ot' the registering target. When the armature ii is :it'tractrd hy the clcctro niagnct 18, the registering: target, -13 is oscillated hetwccn the screws it; and .striltcs the point or needle l2 hv which the paper is pertoratcd.

in the ahi'n'e descrihcd construction all the lateral and vertical displaccincnts ol the putleys Lit l and it acting as supportinp means for the gun. are tran mitt d to the registerinp puntograph ll. hut the distilacemcnts in the same direction ot' the two points 133 and 39 h v which the said pantograph is acted upon impart to the point or needle 43 oppositely directed inovcmmits. its a result, in the case of a good aim in an inclined direction, the opposite movements of the point or needle will he halanc fd through the action of the correcting pantograph QT hy which the second point 33 of the pantograph 3t is acted upon the said action hrinpingthe point again in tront of the centre of the regi tering target 4; On the other hand the action ot the correcting pantograph 2T, pivoted to the fixed point Qti, compensates the fact that the multiplying action varies according to the one or the other of points 3?)39 of the regristerii'ig pantouraph which is acted upon and also the fact that in a correct inclined aim, the displaceinc: t ot the tore supporting: point 2t) ot the g do is in a {l'iYOlt relation to the displaccnuuit ot the rear supporting point 21.

It it is snppovcd that the distance hetreecn the two parallel vertical planes in which the supporting points :24) and :31 [or the gun are displaced during the aiming" he reorcsentei'l h v I] and the distance het'wcen the vertical plane containing the target (not shown) and the lore supporting point i luv 1), any dis!- placement in one or the other direction of the rear supporting point 21 will he multiplied on the target. hv and any 'thsnlaeoment of thc t'ore-sup 'iorting point it hv ()n the other hand, it it is Stt i'JtJUSLtl. hy wa) ot' example, that the indications on the recording target 13 must he to the deviations on the target propel-l so called (not shown) in the relation of l to it) and tinallv that the tore-supporting point is connected to the registering pantograph at 19 and the rear-supporting point :21 at 32 of the correcting pantograph as above described, it .will be observed:

(a) That the registering pantograph 34 foradisplacement w of the supporting point 20, must produce at the point or .needle -12 a displacement corresponding to This condition will .be satisfied by calculating the dimensions of the :pantograph in such a manner that the relation of the distance a between the points 33 and 38 to the distance 1) between the points 33 and 35 will correspond to v(b) That when the registering pantograph 34 is acted upon at 35, this action will reverse the displacement of the point or needle 42 but will only produce an amplilication in the following relation, it c is supposed to be the distance between the points and 38.

c J? 1 2 Ed: W s. M a 10d (c) That the correcting pantograpl 27 must secure such an amplifying action that for a displacement of the supporting point 21, in the same direc tion as the displacement a; of the supporting point 20, the point or needle 42 will be brought again to its initial position which was occupied before the two displacements which are produced first at 20 and then at 21. This amplifying action will be secured by giving to the relation of the distance 7 between the points 28 and to the distance 5/ (Fig. 3) between the points 28 and 29 the following value:

and consequently The above relations will permit in each case the determination of the numerical proportions of both pantographs. The operation of the device may be summed up as follows:

The marksman places his gun upon the pulleys 20 and 21 and moves the gun, sighting at the true target, into the position in which he thinks it to be aimed at the center of said target. Horizontal movements of the gun cause the carriages 5 and 6 to move horizontally on their rails 4. The said carriages, being movableentirely independently of one another, and offering veny little resistancebeeause of the ball bearings 11, and

the forks in which pulleys 20 and 21 .are mounted being pivoted on bars 17, the gun can be freely manipulated.

The horizontalmovements ofthe carriages 5 :and 6 impart corresponding movements to the pai'itographs. If the rear-carriage 6 remains stationary the point 33 remains stationary, and horizontal movements of the fore-carriage will cause the recording pantograph 34 to move with the point 33 as a base. For example, suppose the gun to be aimed to the left of the center of the true target in which case pin 42 would stand to the left of the vertical diameter of the recording target. If the rear carriage is to remain stationary, in order to aim the gun at :the center of the true target the forward end of the gun would have to be moved to the right, thereby moving the fore-carriage to the right. It can be seen from :Fig. 3 that movement of the fore-carriage to the right will cause pin 40 and its connection 39 with pantograph to move !t() the right. The point 33 being fixed .it can easily be seen :that such movement of point 39 will move pin 12 to the right. In other words as the forward end of the gun is swung to aim the gun at the vertical diameter of the true target the pin -12 will be moved correspondingl toward the vertical diameter of the record ing target.

#On the other hand suppose the gun to be aimed again to the left ofthe vertical diameter of the true target, and then moved into correct aim by keeping the fore-carriage 5 stationary and moving the rear carriage 6 .to the left. In this case the point 39 :remains stationary. It can easily be seen from Fig. 3 that movement of point 32 to the left will cause a corresponding movement of point 33 to the left, which will cause pin 42 to move to the right, point 39 being stationary.

In actual practice neither of the above two methods takes place because the gun is swung about the shoulder of the marksman as a center. In this case it is obvious that both carriages will be moved at the same time and in the same direction, and that the fore-carriage compensates for the movement of the rear-carriage by moving slightly more than would be necessary if the gun were swung about the rear carriage as a center.

The action of the pantographs upon movement of the gun in a vertical plane is entirely similar to its action upon horizontal movement of the gun and it will therefore not be necessary to describe this action in detail. When the gun is depressed the vertical carriages 14 are moved down, and when the gun is raised the counter Weights cause the carriages to rise and maintain their pulleys 20 and 21 in contact with the gun. The

vertical carriages move entirely independently of one another.

The apparatus as above described, independent of its simplicity. has the great advantage of dispensing with the use otany stepped part combined with the gun, or ol steps formed on the gun itself, as was the case in previously used devices of this kind in which the two parallel groups of supporting elements tor the gun were constituted by oscillating levers. the necessary difference in the level of both supporting points in and 21 being obtained in the present case by the tact that the reausupporting point (pulley 21) for the gun is normally at a lower level than the tore-supporting point (pulley 2o) as shown in Fig. 2.

\Vhat we claim is:

1. In a target practice device. in combination two movable supi iorting elements. the said supporting elements being arranged in vertical parallel planes and adapted to follow the movements of a freely manipulated gun during the aiming ot' a marksn'ian, a registering pantograph acted upon by the said supporting elements at two ino'able points, means for recording the movements of the said pantograph and a correcting device, the said correcting device being inserted between one of the supporting elements and the movable point of the pantograph which is acted upon by the said supporting element.

2. In a target practice device in combination two movable supporting elements, the said supporting elements being arranged in vertical parallel planes and adapted to follow the movements of a freely manipulated gun during the aiming of a marksman a registering pantograph acted upon by the said supporting elements at two movable points, means for recording the movements of the said pantograpli and a correcting pantograph inserted between one of the supporting elements and the movable point of the registering pautograph which is acted upon by the said supporting elements.

3. In a target practice device. in combination two groups ot' movable supporting elements. con'iprisiug vertically movable supporting members the said groups o't' elements being arranged in vertical parallel plane? and adapted to follow the movements of a freely manipulated gun during the aiming of a nuirksman. a registering target tixed relative to the gun. a movable registering point or needle cooperating with the said tixed target, a registering pant'ograph acted upon by one of the groups of supporting elements at a movable point and carrying the registering point or needle, a correcting pantograph acted upon by the second group of supporting elements and a jointed connection between both pantographs whereby the registering pantograph is acted upon by the correcting pantograph at a second movable point.

4. In a target practice device, in combination a. supporting frame, two carriages adapted to be displaced horizontally on the said frame in parallel vertical planes, vertically movable supporting members mounted in the said carriages, whereby a. freely manipulated gun may be supported by the said members during the aiming of a marksman. a registering target tixed relative to the gun. a. movable registering point or needle cooperating with the said fined target, amplit'ying means connecting the vertically movable supporting member of one (it the two carriages to the movable point or needle and a correcting device con necting the vertically movable supporting member of the second carriage to the amplifying means whereby the ditference of action of both supporting members on the aml'dit'ying means is compensated.

5. In a target practice device, in combination a supporting frame, two carriages adapted t be displaced horizontally on the said *t'rame in parallel vertical planes, vertically movable gun-supporting members mounted in the said carriages, a registering target fixed relative to the gun, a movable registering point or needle cooperating with the said fixed target, a registering pantograph carrying the said registering point or needle the said pantograph being acted upon by one of the vertically movable gun supporting members and a correcting pantograph acted upon by the second vertically movable gun-supporting member, the said correcting pantograph being attached to the frame at a fixed point and being connected to the registering pantograph.

(3. In a target practice device, in combination a supporting frame, rails mounted on the said frame, two carriages moving parallelly to each other on the said rails, vertically movable gunsupporting members mounted in the said carriages, a registering target tixcd relative to the gun, a movable registering point or needle cooperating with the said lived target. a registering pantograph carrying the said registering point or needle, the said pantograph being mounted in a vertical plane between the two carriages and being acted upon by one of the vertically movable gun-supporting members, a correcting pantograph acted upon by the second vertically movable gun supporting member in a plane parallel to the plane of the registering antogral'ih, and a connection between the two pantographs.

In testimony whereof we have afiixed our signatures.

JOSEPH ELIE THEODULE JACQUEMIN. MAURICE PASCHAL CELESTIN FRERE.

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